Public libraries are the front line of health information needs in their communities. Public libraries fill four very important roles in community access to health information. First, they provide access to print and online consumer health information. Next, almost all public libraries offer free access to computers and internet services which allow access to up-to-date online health information. Third, public librarians answer health-related inquiries from their community members. Finally, many public libraries offer health and wellness related programming and outreach for their communities. 

The National Library of Medicine (NLM) provides free, research-based, health resources to public libraries and other community organizations that serve public health needs.

In 1998, the Network of the National Library of Medicine (NNLM) began collaborating with public libraries to connect consumers with National Library of Medicine health information resources including MedlinePlus.